What is costume jewellery?
By Jared James · Last updated 21 May 2026
Definition
Costume jewellery, also called fashion jewellery, is any jewellery made without precious metals or genuine gemstones. Materials include base metals like brass, nickel and pewter, rhinestones, glass, plastic, shell and resin. The term dates from the early twentieth century, when affordable jewellery was made to complement outfits rather than last a lifetime. It became widely popular during the Great Depression and World War II, and today it covers everything from fast-fashion pieces to collectible vintage Chanel and Dior.
Frequently asked questions
- How do you tell the difference between costume and fine jewellery?
- The clearest signs are hallmarks and weight. Fine jewellery in gold or silver carries a legal purity stamp (such as 9ct, 18ct or 925), while costume pieces usually do not. Fine jewellery also tends to feel heavier for its size and holds its colour without tarnishing or flaking.
- Can costume jewellery cause skin reactions?
- It can, particularly if the base metal or plating contains nickel, which is a common allergen. If you notice redness or irritation where a piece sits against your skin, nickel is often the culprit. Look for pieces labelled nickel-free or stick to surgical stainless steel, gold fill or sterling silver.
- Is vintage costume jewellery worth anything?
- Some of it is genuinely collectible. Signed pieces from houses like Chanel, Schiaparelli, Miriam Haskell and Trifari have a real collector market and can command significant prices. The value depends on the maker, condition, age and how desirable the design is.
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