Tourmaline

Tourmaline is a group of boron silicate minerals with a complex chemical formula that allows for an extraordinary range of colours. The name comes from the Sinhalese word "tura mali," meaning "stone of mixed colours." Different trace elements produce different colours: iron creates green and blue; manganese produces red and pink; copper creates the famous neon blue-green of Paraíba tourmaline. Some tourmaline crystals display multiple colours in a single stone — watermelon tourmaline shows a pink centre surrounded by green, like a slice of watermelon.

Paraíba tourmaline, coloured by copper, displays an electric neon blue-green unlike any other gemstone — fine specimens command $10,000-$50,000+ per carat. Rubellite is a rich pink to red variety that resembles ruby. Indicolite is a deep blue, sometimes resembling sapphire. Chrome tourmaline from East Africa displays a vivid green similar to tsavorite garnet. Watermelon tourmaline is sliced across the crystal to reveal its pink core and green rind. Black tourmaline (schorl) is the most common variety and is popular in spiritual and healing practices.

Dutch traders first brought tourmaline to Europe from Sri Lanka in the 1700s, initially confusing it with other gemstones. In fact, many historical "rubies" and "emeralds" in crown jewels have turned out to be tourmalines upon modern testing. The famous "Caesar's Ruby" pendant is actually a rubellite tourmaline. Paraíba tourmaline was discovered in 1989 by Heitor Dimas Barbosa in the state of Paraíba, Brazil. The neon blue-green colour was so extraordinary that it created an entirely new market category and remains one of the most sought-after coloured gemstones.

Different tourmaline colours carry different meanings. Pink tourmaline represents love and compassion. Green symbolises growth and vitality. Black is considered one of the most powerful protective stones. Watermelon tourmaline, with its combination of pink and green, is associated with the heart chakra and emotional balance. Overall, tourmaline is believed to promote understanding, confidence, and creativity.

Clean tourmaline with warm soapy water and a soft brush. Ultrasonic cleaning is generally safe for tourmalines without significant inclusions. Avoid sudden temperature changes. Store separately from harder gemstones. Tourmaline is durable enough for everyday ring wear. Protect from sharp impacts, as some tourmalines can be slightly brittle along certain crystal directions.

Paraíba tourmaline makes one of the most extraordinary engagement ring or pendant centre stones in the world — nothing else glows quite like it. Rubellite cocktail rings offer ruby-like colour at more accessible prices. Watermelon tourmaline slices, showing the natural pink and green zoning, make unique and artistic pendants and earrings. Bi-colour tourmaline crystals create conversation-starting statement pieces. Chrome tourmaline rivals emerald and tsavorite for vivid green rings.