November Birthstone: Topaz
November has two birthstones: topaz and citrine. Both are known for their warm, golden tones that mirror the autumn season. Imperial topaz, with its rich orange-pink colour, is one of the most prized coloured gemstones, while citrine offers accessible golden beauty.
Quick Facts
Colour
Orange, blue, and many other colours
Hardness
8 Mohs
Symbolism
Warmth, abundance, and joy
Alternate Stones
Citrine
What is Topaz?
Topaz is a silicate mineral that comes in a wide range of colours, though the most valued is imperial topaz, a rich orange with pink undertones found primarily in Brazil. Blue topaz, while very popular, is almost always produced by treating colourless topaz with radiation and heat. Citrine is a variety of quartz, coloured yellow to orange by trace amounts of iron. Natural citrine is quite rare; most commercial citrine is actually heat-treated amethyst. Both stones bring warm, sunny energy to November.
Properties
Colour
Topaz occurs in blue, orange (imperial), pink, yellow, and colourless varieties. Imperial topaz ranges from golden orange to pinkish-orange. Citrine ranges from pale yellow to deep amber orange.
Hardness
Topaz is 8 on the Mohs scale, making it very durable. Citrine is 7, also suitable for everyday jewellery.
Origins
Imperial topaz comes primarily from Ouro Preto, Brazil. Blue topaz is sourced globally. Citrine is found in Brazil, Bolivia, Spain, and Madagascar.
Lustre
Both gemstones display vitreous lustre. Well-cut topaz and citrine show excellent brilliance and transparency.
History
The name "topaz" likely comes from the ancient Greek name for the island of Zabargad in the Red Sea, though the gems found there were actually peridots. In the Middle Ages, topaz was believed to heal physical and mental ailments and prevent death. Imperial topaz gets its name from the Russian tsars, who claimed exclusive rights to the pink topaz found in the Ural Mountains. Citrine's name comes from the French word "citron," meaning lemon. It was popular in ancient Greek and Roman jewellery and enjoyed a resurgence during the Art Deco era.
Meaning & Symbolism
Topaz symbolises warmth, abundance, and generosity. Imperial topaz in particular is associated with luxury, good health, and attracting wealth. It is believed to promote confidence and personal power. Citrine is known as the "merchant's stone" or "success stone," traditionally believed to attract prosperity and abundance. It is associated with optimism, creativity, and joy, making it a popular stone for those seeking positive energy.
How to Care for Topaz
Clean topaz and citrine with warm soapy water and a soft brush. Both are safe for ultrasonic cleaning in most cases. Topaz has perfect cleavage in one direction, meaning it can split if struck sharply at the right angle, so avoid hard impacts. Citrine should be protected from prolonged exposure to strong light or heat, which can fade the colour. Store both stones separately to prevent scratches.
Topaz Jewellery Ideas
Imperial topaz makes a magnificent cocktail ring or pendant, its warm glow enhanced by yellow gold. Blue topaz offers a more affordable splash of colour for everyday earrings and necklaces. Citrine's golden warmth is stunning in both vintage-inspired and modern settings. A citrine and diamond pendant is a sophisticated everyday piece. Large citrine stones are readily available, making bold statement jewellery accessible.
Shop Topaz Jewellery
Looking for jewellery featuring topaz or similar stones? Explore our handcrafted collections designed with ethically sourced stones.